Mercury(II) chloride

Mercury(II) chloride
Names
	IUPAC names Mercury(II) chloride; Mercury dichloride
	Other names Mercury bichloride; Corrosive sublimate; Abavit; Mercuric chloride; Sulema (Russia); TL-898; Agrosan; Hydrargyri dichloridum (homeopathy)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7487-94-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	22517 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.454
EC Number	231-299-8;
KEGG	C13377 ;
PubChem CID	24085;
RTECS number	OV9100000;
UNII	53GH7MZT1R ;
UN number	1624
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5020811 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.Hg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 ;
	SMILES Cl[Hg]Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	HgCl2
Molar mass	271.52 g/mol
Appearance	colorless or white solid
Odor	odorless
Density	5.43 g/cm3
Melting point	276 °C (529 °F; 549 K)
Boiling point	304 °C (579 °F; 577 K)
Solubility in water	3.6 g/100 mL (0 °C) ; 7.4 g/100 mL (20 °C) ; 48 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	4 g/100 mL (ether) ; soluble in alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate ; slightly soluble in benzene, CS2, pyridine
Acidity (pKa)	3.2 (0.2M solution)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−82.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.859
Structure
Crystal structure	orthogonal
Coordination geometry	linear
Molecular shape	linear
Dipole moment	zero
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	144 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−230 kJ·mol−1
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-178.7 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AK03 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Highly toxic, corrosive.
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300+H310+H330, H301, H314, H341, H361f, H372, H410
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P314, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 1
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	32 mg/kg (rats, orally)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0979
Related compounds
Other anions	Mercury(II) fluoride; Mercury(II) bromide; Mercury(II) iodide
Other cations	Zinc chloride; Cadmium chloride; Mercury(I) chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Mercury(II) chloride (or mercury bichloride^{[citation needed]}, mercury dichloride), historically also known as sulema or corrosive sublimate,^[2] is the inorganic chemical compound of mercury and chlorine with the formula HgCl₂, used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline solid and a molecular compound that is very toxic to humans. Once used as a treatment for syphilis, it is no longer used for medicinal purposes because of mercury toxicity and the availability of superior treatments.

^ ^a ^b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Corrosive Sublimate" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 197.

[b1-1] Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.

[EB1911-2] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Corrosive Sublimate" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 197.

[1]

[2]

Names



IUPAC names Mercury(II) chloride Mercury dichloride
Other names Mercury bichloride Corrosive sublimate Abavit Mercuric chloride Sulema (Russia) TL-898 Agrosan Hydrargyri dichloridum (homeopathy)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7487-94-7^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	22517^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.454
EC Number	231-299-8
KEGG	C13377^Y
PubChem CID	24085
RTECS number	OV9100000
UNII	53GH7MZT1R^Y
UN number	1624
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5020811
InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.Hg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2^N
SMILES Cl[Hg]Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	HgCl₂
Molar mass	271.52 g/mol
Appearance	colorless or white solid
Odor	odorless
Density	5.43 g/cm³
Melting point	276 °C (529 °F; 549 K)
Boiling point	304 °C (579 °F; 577 K)
Solubility in water	3.6 g/100 mL (0 °C) 7.4 g/100 mL (20 °C) 48 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	4 g/100 mL (ether) soluble in alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate slightly soluble in benzene, CS₂, pyridine
Acidity (pK_a)	3.2 (0.2M solution)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−82.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.859
Structure
Crystal structure	orthogonal
Coordination geometry	linear
Molecular shape	linear
Dipole moment	zero
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	144 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹^[1]
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−230 kJ·mol⁻¹^[1]
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	-178.7 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AK03 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Highly toxic, corrosive.
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300+H310+H330, H301, H314, H341, H361f, H372, H410
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P314, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 1
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	32 mg/kg (rats, orally)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0979
Related compounds
Other anions	Mercury(II) fluoride Mercury(II) bromide Mercury(II) iodide
Other cations	Zinc chloride Cadmium chloride Mercury(I) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references