Vanadium(V) oxide

Vanadium(V) oxide
Names
	IUPAC name Divanadium pentaoxide
	Other names Vanadium pentoxide; Vanadic anhydride; Divanadium pentoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1314-62-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30045 ;
ChemSpider	14130 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.855
EC Number	215-239-8;
KEGG	C19308 ;
PubChem CID	14814;
RTECS number	YW2450000;
UNII	BVG363OH7A ;
UN number	2862
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2023806 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/5O.2V Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/5O.2V/rO5V2/c1-6(2)5-7(3)4 Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-HHIHJEONAP;
	SMILES O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	V2O5
Molar mass	181.8800 g/mol
Appearance	Yellow solid
Density	3.35 g/cm3
Melting point	681 °C (1,258 °F; 954 K)
Boiling point	1,750 °C (3,180 °F; 2,020 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	0.7 g/L (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+128.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic
Space group	Pmmn, No. 59
Lattice constant	a = 1151 pm, b = 355.9 pm, c = 437.1 pm
Coordination geometry	Distorted trigonal bipyramidal (V)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	127.7 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	131.0 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-1550.6 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-1419.5 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H332, H335, H341, H361, H372, H411
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	10 mg/kg (rat, oral); 23 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
LCLo (lowest published)	500 mg/m3 (cat, 23 min); 70 mg/m3 (rat, 2 hr)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	C 0.5 mg V2O5/m3 (resp) (solid) ; C 0.1 mg V2O5/m3 (fume)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0596
Related compounds
Other anions	Vanadium oxytrichloride
Other cations	Niobium(V) oxide; Tantalum(V) oxide
Related vanadium oxides	Vanadium(II) oxide; Vanadium(III) oxide; Vanadium(IV) oxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Vanadium(V) oxide (vanadia) is the inorganic compound with the formula V₂O₅. Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange. Because of its high oxidation state, it is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent. From the industrial perspective, it is the most important compound of vanadium, being the principal precursor to alloys of vanadium and is a widely used industrial catalyst.^[8]

The mineral form of this compound, shcherbinaite, is extremely rare, almost always found among fumaroles. A mineral trihydrate, V₂O₅·3H₂O, is also known under the name of navajoite.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haynes, p. 4.94
^ Haynes, p. 4.131
^ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-162. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
^ Shklover, V.; Haibach, T.; Ried, F.; Nesper, R.; Novak, P. (1996), "Crystal structure of the product of Mg²⁺ insertion into V₂O₅ single crystals", J. Solid State Chem., 123 (2): 317–23, Bibcode:1996JSSCh.123..317S, doi:10.1006/jssc.1996.0186.
^ Haynes, p. 5.41
^ ^a ^b NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0653". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ ^a ^b "Vanadium dust". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[CRC-1] Haynes, p. 4.94

[2] Haynes, p. 4.131

[3] Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-162. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..

[4] Shklover, V.; Haibach, T.; Ried, F.; Nesper, R.; Novak, P. (1996), "Crystal structure of the product of Mg²⁺ insertion into V₂O₅ single crystals", J. Solid State Chem., 123 (2): 317–23, Bibcode:1996JSSCh.123..317S, doi:10.1006/jssc.1996.0186.

[5] Haynes, p. 5.41

[PGCH|0653-6] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0653". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[IDLH-7] "Vanadium dust". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[Ullmann-8] Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3]

[1]

[2]

[4]

[5]

[7]

[6]

[8]

Names


IUPAC name Divanadium pentaoxide
Other names Vanadium pentoxide Vanadic anhydride Divanadium pentoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	1314-62-1^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:30045^Y
ChemSpider	14130^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.855
EC Number	215-239-8
KEGG	C19308^N
PubChem CID	14814
RTECS number	YW2450000
UNII	BVG363OH7A^Y
UN number	2862
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2023806
InChI InChI=1S/5O.2V^Y Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/5O.2V/rO5V2/c1-6(2)5-7(3)4 Key: GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-HHIHJEONAP
SMILES O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O
Properties^[3]
Chemical formula	V₂O₅
Molar mass	181.8800 g/mol
Appearance	Yellow solid
Density	3.35 g/cm³^[1]
Melting point	681 °C (1,258 °F; 954 K)^[1]
Boiling point	1,750 °C (3,180 °F; 2,020 K)^[1] (decomposes)
Solubility in water	0.7 g/L (20 °C)^[1]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+128.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol^[2]
Structure^[4]
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic
Space group	Pmmn, No. 59
Lattice constant	a = 1151 pm, b = 355.9 pm, c = 437.1 pm
Coordination geometry	Distorted trigonal bipyramidal (V)
Thermochemistry^[5]
Heat capacity (C)	127.7 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	131.0 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	-1550.6 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	-1419.5 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H332, H335, H341, H361, H372, H411
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	10 mg/kg (rat, oral) 23 mg/kg (mouse, oral)^[7]
LC_Lo (lowest published)	500 mg/m³ (cat, 23 min) 70 mg/m³ (rat, 2 hr)^[7]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	C 0.5 mg V₂O₅/m³ (resp) (solid)^[6] C 0.1 mg V₂O₅/m³ (fume)^[6]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0596
Related compounds
Other anions	Vanadium oxytrichloride
Other cations	Niobium(V) oxide Tantalum(V) oxide
Related vanadium oxides	Vanadium(II) oxide Vanadium(III) oxide Vanadium(IV) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references