Back مارتن كلابروت Arabic مارتن كلابروت ARZ Martin Henrix Klaprot Azerbaijani مارتین هاینریش کلاپروت AZB Марцін Генрых Клапрот Byelorussian Мартин Хайнрих Клапрот Bulgarian Martin Heinrich Klaproth Catalan Martin Heinrich Klaproth Czech Martin Heinrich Klaproth Danish Martin Heinrich Klaproth German

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Martin Klaproth
Engraving by Ambroise Tardieu
Born(1743-12-01)1 December 1743
Wernigerode, Kingdom of Prussia
Died1 January 1817(1817-01-01) (aged 73)
Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
NationalityGerman
CitizenshipWernigerode
Known forDiscovery of uranium, zirconium, and other elements
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry

Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1 December 1743 – 1 January 1817) was a German chemist.[1] He trained and worked for much of his life as an apothecary, moving in later life to the university. His shop became the second-largest apothecary in Berlin, and the most productive artisanal chemical research center in Europe.[2]

Klaproth was a major systematizer of analytical chemistry,[3] and an independent inventor of gravimetric analysis.[4][5] His attention to detail and refusal to ignore discrepancies in results led to improvements in the use of apparatus. He was a major figure in understanding the composition of minerals and characterizing the elements.[4] Klaproth discovered uranium (1789)[6] and zirconium (1789). He was also involved in the discovery or co-discovery of titanium (1795), strontium (1793), cerium (1803), and chromium (1797) and confirmed the previous discoveries of tellurium (1798) and beryllium (1798).[7][8]

Klaproth was a member and director of the Berlin Academy of Sciences.[2] He was recognized internationally as a member of the Royal Society in London,[9] the Institut de France, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.[10]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference NNDB was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Klein was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Rocchietta, S (February 1967). "[The pharmacist Martin Klaproth (1743–1817), pioneer of modern analytical chemistry, discoverer of uranium. On the 150th anniversary of his death]". Minerva Med. (in Italian). 58 (13): 229. PMID 5336711.
  4. ^ a b Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2008). "Rediscovery of the elements: Klaproth" (PDF). The Hexagon: 20–24. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  5. ^ Garrison, Ervan (2003). "Instrumental Analytical Techniques for Archaeological Geology". Techniques in Archaeological Geology. Natural Science in Archaeology. Springer. pp. 207–246. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05163-4_7. ISBN 978-3-662-05163-4.
  6. ^ Dahlkamp, Franz J. (1991). Uranium Ore Deposits. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 5. ISBN 978-3-662-02892-6. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Record was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Robison, Roger F. (2015). Mining and selling radium and uranium. Springer. pp. 59–60. ISBN 9783319118291. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Thomson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference Today was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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