Lithium chloride

Lithium chloride
	; __ Li+ __ Cl−
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Lithium chloride
	Systematic IUPAC name Lithium(1+) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7447-41-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:48607 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL69710 ;
ChemSpider	22449 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.375
EC Number	231-212-3;
MeSH	Lithium+chloride
PubChem CID	433294;
RTECS number	OJ5950000;
UNII	G4962QA067 ;
UN number	2056
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2025509 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M; InChI=1/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-REWHXWOFAB;
	SMILES [Li+].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	LiCl
Molar mass	42.39 g·mol−1
Appearance	white solid ; hygroscopic, sharp
Density	2.068 g/cm3
Melting point	605–614 °C (1,121–1,137 °F; 878–887 K)
Boiling point	1,382 °C (2,520 °F; 1,655 K)
Solubility in water	68.29 g/100 mL (0 °C); 74.48 g/100 mL (10 °C); 84.25 g/100 mL (25 °C); 88.7 g/100 mL (40 °C); 123.44 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	soluble in hydrazine, methylformamide, butanol, selenium(IV) oxychloride, 1-propanol
Solubility in methanol	45.2 g/100 g (0 °C); 43.8 g/100 g (20 °C); 42.36 g/100 g (25 °C); 44.6 g/100 g (60 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	14.42 g/100 g (0 °C); 24.28 g/100 g (20 °C); 25.1 g/100 g (30 °C); 23.46 g/100 g (60 °C)
Solubility in formic acid	26.6 g/100 g (18 °C); 27.5 g/100 g (25 °C)
Solubility in acetone	1.2 g/100 g (20 °C); 0.83 g/100 g (25 °C); 0.61 g/100 g (50 °C)
Solubility in liquid ammonia	0.54 g/100 g (-34 °C); 3.02 g/100 g (25 °C)
Vapor pressure	1 torr (785 °C); 10 torr (934 °C); 100 torr (1130 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−24.3·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.662 (24 °C)
Viscosity	0.87 cP (807 °C)
Structure
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
Molecular shape	Linear (gas)
Dipole moment	7.13 D (gas)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	48.03 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	59.31 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-408.27 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-384 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	V04CX11 (WHO)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	526 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0711
Related compounds
Other anions	Lithium fluoride; Lithium bromide; Lithium iodide; Lithium astatide
Other cations	Sodium chloride; Potassium chloride; Rubidium chloride; Caesium chloride; Francium chloride
Supplementary data page
	Lithium chloride (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Lithium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula Li Cl. The salt is a typical ionic compound (with certain covalent characteristics), although the small size of the Li⁺ ion gives rise to properties not seen for other alkali metal chlorides, such as extraordinary solubility in polar solvents (83.05 g/100 mL of water at 20 °C) and its hygroscopic properties.^[5]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l lithium chloride
^ ^a ^b Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1952). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. Van Nostrand. Retrieved 2014-06-02.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sigma-Aldrich Co., Lithium chloride. Retrieved on 2014-05-09.
^ ChemIDplus - 7447-41-8 - KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Lithium chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information
^ Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[chemister-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l lithium chloride

[sioc-2] Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1952). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. Van Nostrand. Retrieved 2014-06-02.

[sigma-3] Sigma-Aldrich Co., Lithium chloride. Retrieved on 2014-05-09.

[4] ChemIDplus - 7447-41-8 - KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Lithium chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information

[Ullmann-5] Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Names


__ Li⁺ __ Cl⁻
Preferred IUPAC name Lithium chloride
Systematic IUPAC name Lithium(1+) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7447-41-8^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:48607^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL69710^N
ChemSpider	22449^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.375
EC Number	231-212-3
MeSH	Lithium+chloride
PubChem CID	433294
RTECS number	OJ5950000
UNII	G4962QA067^Y
UN number	2056
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2025509
InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1^N Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M^N InChI=1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M InChI=1/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-REWHXWOFAB
SMILES [Li+].[Cl-]
Properties
Chemical formula	LiCl
Molar mass	42.39 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	white solid hygroscopic, sharp
Density	2.068 g/cm³
Melting point	605–614 °C (1,121–1,137 °F; 878–887 K)
Boiling point	1,382 °C (2,520 °F; 1,655 K)
Solubility in water	68.29 g/100 mL (0 °C) 74.48 g/100 mL (10 °C) 84.25 g/100 mL (25 °C) 88.7 g/100 mL (40 °C) 123.44 g/100 mL (100 °C)^[1]
Solubility	soluble in hydrazine, methylformamide, butanol, selenium(IV) oxychloride, 1-propanol^[1]
Solubility in methanol	45.2 g/100 g (0 °C) 43.8 g/100 g (20 °C) 42.36 g/100 g (25 °C)^[2] 44.6 g/100 g (60 °C)^[1]
Solubility in ethanol	14.42 g/100 g (0 °C) 24.28 g/100 g (20 °C) 25.1 g/100 g (30 °C) 23.46 g/100 g (60 °C)^[2]
Solubility in formic acid	26.6 g/100 g (18 °C) 27.5 g/100 g (25 °C)^[1]
Solubility in acetone	1.2 g/100 g (20 °C) 0.83 g/100 g (25 °C) 0.61 g/100 g (50 °C)^[1]
Solubility in liquid ammonia	0.54 g/100 g (-34 °C)^[1] 3.02 g/100 g (25 °C)
Vapor pressure	1 torr (785 °C) 10 torr (934 °C) 100 torr (1130 °C)^[1]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−24.3·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.662 (24 °C)
Viscosity	0.87 cP (807 °C)^[1]
Structure
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
Molecular shape	Linear (gas)
Dipole moment	7.13 D (gas)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	48.03 J/mol·K^[1]
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	59.31 J/mol·K^[1]
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	-408.27 kJ/mol^[1]
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	-384 kJ/mol^[1]
Pharmacology
ATC code	V04CX11 (WHO)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms	^[3]
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H319, H335^[3]
Precautionary statements	P261, P305+P351+P338^[3]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	526 mg/kg (oral, rat)^[4]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0711
Related compounds
Other anions	Lithium fluoride Lithium bromide Lithium iodide Lithium astatide
Other cations	Sodium chloride Potassium chloride Rubidium chloride Caesium chloride Francium chloride
Supplementary data page
Lithium chloride (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references