Rokot

Rockot (Rokot)
	Rokot launch vehicle
Function	Orbital launch vehicle
Manufacturer	Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Cost per launch	US$41.8 million [1]
Size
Height	29 m (95 ft)
Diameter	2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
Mass	107,000 kg (236,000 lb)
Stages	3
Capacity
Payload to Low Earth orbit
Mass	1,950 kg (4,300 lb)
Payload to Sun-synchronous orbit
Mass	1,200 kg (2,600 lb)
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	Baikonur 175/1; Plesetsk 133/3
Total launches	34
Success(es)	31
Failure(s)	2
Partial failure(s)	1
First flight	20 November 1990; 26 December 1994 (orbital)
Last flight	26 December 2019
First stage
Diameter	2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
Powered by	3 RD-0233 (15D95); 1 RD-0234(15D96)
Maximum thrust	2,080 kN (470,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	310 seconds
Burn time	120 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Second stage
Diameter	2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
Powered by	1 RD-0235 (15D113); 1 RD-0236 (15D114)
Maximum thrust	255.76 kN (57,500 lbf)
Specific impulse	310 seconds
Burn time	180 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Third stage – Briz-KM
Powered by	1 S5.98M
Maximum thrust	19.6 kN (4,400 lbf)
Specific impulse	326 seconds
Burn time	3000 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
	[edit on Wikidata]

Rokot (Russian: Рокот meaning Rumble or Boom), also transliterated Rockot, was a Soviet Union (later Russian) space launch vehicle that was capable of launching a payload of 1,950 kilograms (4,300 lb) into a 200-kilometre (120 mi) Earth orbit with 63° inclination. It was based on the UR-100N (SS-19 Stiletto) intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), supplied and operated by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center. The first launches started in the 1990s from Baikonur Cosmodrome out of a silo. Later commercial launches commenced from Plesetsk Cosmodrome using a launch ramp specially rebuilt from one for the Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. The cost of the launcher itself was about US$15 million in 1999;^[6]^[7] The contract with European Space Agency (ESA) for launching Swarm in September 2013 was worth €27.1 million (US$36 million).^[8]

^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference kbkha-rd0233 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference khrun-rockot was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ea-rd0234 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ea-rd0235 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ea-rd0236 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Harvey, Brian (2007). "Launchers and engines". The Rebirth of the Russian Space Program (1st ed.). Germany: Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-71354-0.
^ "Rokot". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 16 September 2013.
^ Stephen Clark (12 September 2013). "Rockot launch clears way for long-delayed ESA mission". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 16 September 2013.