Mercury(I) chloride

Mercury(I) chloride
Names
	IUPAC name Dimercury dichloride
	Other names Mercury(I) chloride; Mercurous chloride; Calomel
Identifiers
CAS Number	10112-91-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:33050 ;
ChemSpider	16740467 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.266
EC Number	233-307-5;
Gmelin Reference	25976
PubChem CID	24956;
RTECS number	OV8750000;
UNII	J2D46N657D ;
UN number	3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6044351 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.2Hg/h21H;;/q;;2+1/p-2 Key: ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L ;
	SMILES Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	Hg2Cl2
Molar mass	472.09 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Density	7.150 g/cm3
Melting point	383 °C (721 °F; 656 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water	0.2 mg/100 mL
Solubility product (Ksp)	1.43×10−18
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol, ether
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−26.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.973
Structure
Crystal structure	tetragonal
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	196 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−265 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H319, H335, H410
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	210 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0984
Related compounds
Other anions	Mercury(I) fluoride; Mercury(I) bromide; Mercury(I) iodide
Related compounds	Mercury(II) chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Mercury(I) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Hg₂Cl₂. Also known as the mineral calomel^[4] (a rare mineral) or mercurous chloride, this dense white or yellowish-white, odorless solid is the principal example of a mercury(I) compound. It is a component of reference electrodes in electrochemistry.^[5]^[6]

^ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN 978-1138561632.
^ ^a ^b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
^ "Mercury compounds [except (organo) alkyls] (as Hg)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Calomel" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2004). Inorganic Chemistry (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 696–697. ISBN 978-0-13-039913-7.
^ Skoog, Douglas A.; Holler, F. James; Nieman, Timothy A. (1998). Principles of Instrumental Analysis (5th ed.). Saunders College Pub. pp. 253–271. ISBN 978-0-03-002078-0.

[crc-1] John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN 978-1138561632.

[b1-2] Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.

[3] "Mercury compounds [except (organo) alkyls] (as Hg)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[EB-4] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Calomel" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[5] Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2004). Inorganic Chemistry (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 696–697. ISBN 978-0-13-039913-7.

[6] Skoog, Douglas A.; Holler, F. James; Nieman, Timothy A. (1998). Principles of Instrumental Analysis (5th ed.). Saunders College Pub. pp. 253–271. ISBN 978-0-03-002078-0.

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Names



IUPAC name Dimercury dichloride
Other names Mercury(I) chloride Mercurous chloride Calomel
Identifiers
CAS Number	10112-91-1^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:33050^Y
ChemSpider	16740467^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.266
EC Number	233-307-5
Gmelin Reference	25976
PubChem CID	24956
RTECS number	OV8750000
UNII	J2D46N657D^N
UN number	3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6044351
InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.2Hg/h21H;;/q;;2+1/p-2^Y Key: ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L^Y
SMILES Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	Hg₂Cl₂
Molar mass	472.09 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Density	7.150 g/cm³
Melting point	383 °C (721 °F; 656 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water	0.2 mg/100 mL
Solubility product (K_sp)	1.43×10⁻¹⁸^[1]
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol, ether
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−26.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.973
Structure
Crystal structure	tetragonal
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	196 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹^[2]
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−265 kJ·mol⁻¹^[2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H319, H335, H410
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	210 mg/kg (rat, oral)^[3]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0984
Related compounds
Other anions	Mercury(I) fluoride Mercury(I) bromide Mercury(I) iodide
Related compounds	Mercury(II) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references