Fregat

Fregat ^[1]
Manufacturer	NPO Lavochkin
Country of origin	Russia
Used on	Soyuz-U (retired), Soyuz-FG (retired), Soyuz-2, Zenit-3F
General characteristics
Diameter	Fregat/Fregat-M: 3.35 m (11.0 ft); Fregat-MT: 3.80 m (12.5 ft); Fregat-SB: 3.875 m (12.71 ft)
Length	1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)
Propellant mass	Fregat: 5,250 kg (11,570 lb); Fregat-M: 5,600 kg (12,300 lb); Fregat-MT: 7,100 kg (15,700 lb)
Empty mass	Fregat: 930 kg (2,050 lb); Fregat-M: 980 kg (2,160 lb); Fregat-MT: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb)
Associated stages
Comparable	Briz-M, Briz-KM
Fregat
Powered by	S5.92
Maximum thrust	19.85 kN (4,460 lbf)
Specific impulse	333.2 seconds
Burn time	1350 seconds
Propellant	N2O4/UDMH
Launch history
Status	Active
Total launches	111
Successes; (stage only)	108
Failed	2
Other	1 (partial failure)
First flight	2 February 2000

Fregat (Russian: Фрегат, frigate) is an upper stage developed by NPO Lavochkin in the 1990s, which is used in some Soyuz and Zenit launch vehicles, but is universal and can be used as a part of a medium and heavy class launch vehicles. Fregat became operational in February 2000.^[3] Its liquid propellant engine uses UDMH and N₂O₄. Fregat's success rate is 97.3%, (with 2 failures and 1 partial failure), which makes it one of the most reliable upper stages in the world. Fregat has successfully delivered more than 300 payloads into different orbits. It remains the only upper stage in the world that can place its payload into 3 or more different orbits in a single launch.^[4]

^ "Конструкция разгонного блока "Фрегат"". NPO Lavochkin (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
^ "Fregat space tug". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
^ "Cluster II on track after maiden flight of Fregat upper stage". 9 February 2000.
^ "Photo-Report from Lavochkin Scientific and Production Association, One Day at Fregat Upper Stage Manufacturing Facility". Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2020.

[lavochkin-fregat-1] "Конструкция разгонного блока "Фрегат"". NPO Lavochkin (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2016.

[rswf-2] "Fregat space tug". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 26 July 2014.

[3] "Cluster II on track after maiden flight of Fregat upper stage". 9 February 2000.

[4] "Photo-Report from Lavochkin Scientific and Production Association, One Day at Fregat Upper Stage Manufacturing Facility". Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2020.

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