Ammonia production

Ammonia production takes place worldwide, mostly in large-scale manufacturing plants that produce 240 million metric tonnes of ammonia (2023) annually.^[1] Based on the annual production in 2023 the major part (~70%) of the production facilities are based in China (29%), India (9.5%), USA (9.5%), Russia (9.5%), Indonesia (4%), Iran (2,9%), Egypt (2,7%), and middle Saudi Arabia (2,7%). 80% or more of ammonia is used as fertilizer. Ammonia is also used for the production of plastics, fibres, explosives, nitric acid (via the Ostwald process), and intermediates for dyes and pharmaceuticals. The industry contributes 1% to 2% of global CO
₂.^[2] Between 18–20 Mt of the gas is transported globally each year.^[3]

^ "Global ammonia annual production capacity".
^ Koop, Fermin (2023-01-13). "Green ammonia (and fertilizer) may finally be in sight -- and it would be huge". ZME Science. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
^ Congressional Research Service. (7 December 2022). "Ammonia’s Potential Role in a Low-Carbon Economy". CRP website Retrieved 24 September 2023.

[1] "Global ammonia annual production capacity".

[:0-2] Koop, Fermin (2023-01-13). "Green ammonia (and fertilizer) may finally be in sight -- and it would be huge". ZME Science. Retrieved 2023-03-21.

[3] Congressional Research Service. (7 December 2022). "Ammonia’s Potential Role in a Low-Carbon Economy". CRP website Retrieved 24 September 2023.

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