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Vulcain (rocket engine)

This article is about the European rocket engine. For the American rocket, see Vulcan (rocket). For other uses, see Vulcain (disambiguation).
Vulcain
Vulcain 1 engine on display at Musée des Sciences et des Techniques de la Villette
Country of origin France
First flight04 June 1996
Last flight18 December 2009
DesignerSnecma
ManufacturerSafran Aircraft Engines
ApplicationMain stage engine
Associated LVAriane 5
SuccessorVulcain 2
StatusRetired
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantLiquid oxygen / liquid hydrogen
Mixture ratio5.3[1]
CycleGas generator
Configuration
Nozzle ratio45.1
Performance
Thrust, vacuum1,140 kN (256,300 lbf)
Chamber pressure100 bars (1,500 psi)
Specific impulse, vacuum431 s (4.23 km/s)
Dimensions
Length3.05 m (10.0 ft)
Diameter1.76 m (5.8 ft)
Dry weight1,300 kg (2,900 lb)
Used in
Ariane 5 G and GS
References
References[2][3][4][5]
Vulcain 2
The Vulcain 2 engine
Country of origin France
First flight12 February 2005
DesignerSnecma
ManufacturerSnecma
ApplicationMain stage engine
Associated LVAriane 5
PredecessorVulcain 1
StatusRetired
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantLiquid oxygen / Liquid hydrogen
Mixture ratio6.1
CycleGas generator
Configuration
Nozzle ratio58.2
Performance
Thrust, vacuum1,359 kN (305,500 lbf)
Chamber pressure117.3 bars (11.73 MPa)
Specific impulse, vacuum429 s (4.21 km/s)
Dimensions
Length3.44 m (11.3 ft)
Diameter2.09 m (6.9 ft)
Dry weight1,800 kg (4,000 lb)
Used in
Ariane 5 ECA, ES
References
References[2][6] [7][8][9]
Vulcain 2.1
Country of origin France
DesignerSnecma
ManufacturerSnecma
ApplicationMain stage engine
Associated LVAriane 6
PredecessorVulcain 2
StatusIn development
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantLiquid oxygen / Liquid hydrogen
CycleGas generator
Performance
Thrust, vacuum1,324 kN (297,600 lbf)
Chamber pressure120.8 bars (12.08 MPa)
Dimensions
Length3.7 m (12 ft)
Diameter2.5 m (8.2 ft)
Dry weight2,000 kg (4,400 lb)
Used in
Ariane 6
References
References[10]

Vulcain is a family of European first stage rocket engines for Ariane 5 and the future Ariane 6. Its development began in 1988 and the first flight was completed in 1996. The updated version of the engine, Vulcain 2, was first successfully flown in 2005. Both members of the family use liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen cryogenic fuel. The new version under development for Ariane 6 will be called Vulcain 2.1.

  1. ^ i Bel, Margarit; Martínez Sánchez, Manuel (2001). "SIMULATION OF A LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE". 1st Meeting of EcosimPro Users. 11: 6. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
  2. ^ a b "Vulcain-2 Cryogenic Engine Passes First Test with New Nozzle Extension" (PDF). www.esa.int. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  3. ^ EADS Astrium. "Vulcain Rocket Engine - Thrust Chamber". Airbus Defence and Space. Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
  4. ^ "V169 Presskit" (PDF). Arianespace. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2010. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  5. ^ "Vulcain". Astronautix. Archived from the original on November 17, 2002. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  6. ^ EADS Astrium. "Vulcain 2 Rocket Engine - Thrust Chamber". Airbus Defence and Space. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
  7. ^ "Ariane 5 - Europe's Heavy Launcher" (PDF). European Space Agency. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
  8. ^ "Vulcain®2". Safran. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  9. ^ "Vulcain 2". Astronautix. Archived from the original on June 27, 2002. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  10. ^ "Vulcain 2.1". European Space Agency. 2017-10-24. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

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