Supramolecular coordination complex

Supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) are discrete self-assembled constructs formed through highly directional and stoichiometric metal-ligand coordination bonds.^[1] They are also referred to as coordination-driven self-assemblies^[2] and belong to the class of supramolecular structures called metal-organic complexes (MOC). Transition metal ions serve as Lewis-acceptor units with preferred coordination geometries, and labile or rigid ligands serve as Lewis-donor molecules that spontaneously assemble with specific directionality, leading to different types of well-defined geometries. The different coordination-driven discrete topological architecture of SCCs is categorized as two-dimensional (2D) metallacycles and three-dimensional (3D) metallacages. SCCs allow design flexibility with precision through careful selection of the structure of metal and ligand components, along with the coordination angle to obtain a range of sizes, shapes, and topologies with different physicochemical properties. Among metallacycles triangles, rectangles, hexagons, trigonal prisms, hexagonal prisms, rhomboids, and cubes, design geometries have been reported. Whereas in 3D systems, trigonal pyramids, trigonal prisms, truncated and snub cubes, truncated tetrahedra, cuboctahedra, double squares, adamantanoids, dodecahedra are among the variety of cage geometries reported.^[1]^[3]^[4] Several design strategies or approaches have been identified and studied for the synthesis of metallacycles and metallacages, and are summarized in several reviews on SCCs.^[4]

^ ^a ^b Yin, Changfeng; Du, Jiaxing; Olenyuk, Bogdan; Stang, Peter; Sun, Yan (2023-01-22). "The Applications of Metallacycles and Metallacages". Inorganics. 11 (2): 54. doi:10.3390/inorganics11020054. ISSN 2304-6740.
^ Cook, Timothy R.; Zheng, Yao-Rong; Stang, Peter J. (2013-01-09). "Metal–Organic Frameworks and Self-Assembled Supramolecular Coordination Complexes: Comparing and Contrasting the Design, Synthesis, and Functionality of Metal–Organic Materials". Chemical Reviews. 113 (1): 734–777. doi:10.1021/cr3002824. ISSN 0009-2665. PMC 3764682. PMID 23121121.
^ Seidel, S. Russell; Stang, Peter J. (2002-11-01). "High-Symmetry Coordination Cages via Self-Assembly". Accounts of Chemical Research. 35 (11): 972–983. doi:10.1021/ar010142d. ISSN 0001-4842. PMID 12437322.
^ ^a ^b Chakrabarty, Rajesh; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi; Stang, Peter J. (2011-11-09). "Supramolecular Coordination: Self-Assembly of Finite Two- and Three-Dimensional Ensembles". Chemical Reviews. 111 (11): 6810–6918. doi:10.1021/cr200077m. ISSN 0009-2665. PMC 3212633. PMID 21863792.

[:0-1] Yin, Changfeng; Du, Jiaxing; Olenyuk, Bogdan; Stang, Peter; Sun, Yan (2023-01-22). "The Applications of Metallacycles and Metallacages". Inorganics. 11 (2): 54. doi:10.3390/inorganics11020054. ISSN 2304-6740.

[:1-2] Cook, Timothy R.; Zheng, Yao-Rong; Stang, Peter J. (2013-01-09). "Metal–Organic Frameworks and Self-Assembled Supramolecular Coordination Complexes: Comparing and Contrasting the Design, Synthesis, and Functionality of Metal–Organic Materials". Chemical Reviews. 113 (1): 734–777. doi:10.1021/cr3002824. ISSN 0009-2665. PMC 3764682. PMID 23121121.

[:2-3] Seidel, S. Russell; Stang, Peter J. (2002-11-01). "High-Symmetry Coordination Cages via Self-Assembly". Accounts of Chemical Research. 35 (11): 972–983. doi:10.1021/ar010142d. ISSN 0001-4842. PMID 12437322.

[:3-4] Chakrabarty, Rajesh; Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi; Stang, Peter J. (2011-11-09). "Supramolecular Coordination: Self-Assembly of Finite Two- and Three-Dimensional Ensembles". Chemical Reviews. 111 (11): 6810–6918. doi:10.1021/cr200077m. ISSN 0009-2665. PMC 3212633. PMID 21863792.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]