Science and technology in China

Science and technology in China have developed rapidly during the 1980s to 2020s, and major scientific and technological achievements have been made since the 1980s.^[1][2] From the 1980s to the 1990s, the Chinese government successively launched the "863 Plan" and the "Strategy for Rejuvenating the Country through Science and Education", which greatly promoted the development and progress of China's science and technology.^[1][3] The Chinese government has placed emphasis through funding, reform, and societal status on science and technology as a fundamental part of the socio-economic development of the country as well as for national prestige.

21st-century China has made tremendous strides in the proliferation of modern scientific and technological education, academic publishing, in addition to numerous scientific and technological domains such infrastructure engineering, high-technology and industrial manufacturing, and patents to pioneer new and cutting-edge goods and services and industries through commercial applications to rival the standards of science and technology set by the Western world. Contemporary China is now increasingly harnessing the reservoir of targeting indigenous innovation and aims to reform remaining weaknesses. As per the Global Innovation Index in 2022, China was considered one of the most competitive in the world, ranking 11th in the world, 3rd in the Asia & Oceania region and 2nd for countries with a population of over 100 million.^[4]