Back Piromorfiet Afrikaans Piromorfit BS Piromorfita Catalan Pyromorfit Czech Pyromorphit German Πυρομορφίτης Greek Piromorfita Spanish Piromorfita Basque پیرومرفیت Persian Pyromorfiitti Finnish
| Pyromorphite | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General | |
| Category | Phosphate mineral Apatite group |
| Formula | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| IMA symbol | Pym[1] |
| Strunz classification | 8.BN.05 |
| Crystal system | Hexagonal |
| Crystal class | Dipyramidal (6/m) (same H-M symbol) |
| Space group | P63/m |
| Identification | |
| Color | Dark green to grass-green or green, yellow, yellow-orange, reddish orange, yellow-brown, greenish-yellow or yellowish-green, shades of brown, tan, grayish, white and may be colorless; colourless or faintly tinted in transmitted light. |
| Crystal habit | Prismatic to acicular crystals, globular to reniform |
| Twinning | Rarely on {1122} |
| Cleavage | Imperfect- [1011] |
| Fracture | Uneven to sub-conchoidal |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 3.5–4 |
| Luster | Resinous to subadamantine |
| Streak | White |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent to translucent |
| Specific gravity | 7.04 measured, 7.14 calculated |
| Optical properties | Uniaxial (−) May be anomalously biaxial (−) |
| Refractive index | nω = 2.058 nε = 2.048 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.010 |
| Pleochroism | Weak |
| Ultraviolet fluorescence | May fluoresce yellow to orange under LW and SW UV |
| Other characteristics | Piezoelectric if biaxial |
| References | [2][3][4] |
Pyromorphite is a mineral species composed of lead chlorophosphate: Pb5(PO4)3Cl, sometimes occurring in sufficient abundance to be mined as an ore of lead.[5] Crystals are common, and have the form of a hexagonal prism terminated by the basal planes, sometimes combined with narrow faces of a hexagonal pyramid.[6] Crystals with a barrel-like curvature are not uncommon. Globular and reniform masses are also found.[7]
Pyromorphite is part of the apatite group of minerals and bears a close resemblance physically and chemically with two other minerals: mimetite (Pb5(AsO4)3Cl) and vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl).[8] The resemblance in external characters is so close that, as a rule, it is only possible to distinguish between them by chemical tests. They were formerly confused under the names green lead ore and brown lead ore (German: Grünbleierz and Braunbleierz).[citation needed]
- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF).
- ^ "Pyromorphite". Webmineral data.
- ^ "Pyromorphite". Mindat.org.
- ^ Cornelius S. Hurlbut; W. Edwin Sharp (1998). Dana's Minerals and How to Study Them (After Edward Salisbury Dana). John Wiley & Sons. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-471-15677-2.
- ^ Cornelis Klein; Barbara Dutrow (2007). Manual of Mineral Science. Wiley. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-471-72157-4.
- ^ A. Bishop; A. Woolley; W. Hamilton (1999). Cambridge Guide to Minerals, Rocks and Fossils. Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-521-77881-7.
- ^ Nicholas Eastaugh; Valentine Walsh; Tracey Chaplin; Ruth Siddall (2008). Pigment Compendium. Routledge. p. 320. ISBN 978-1-136-37392-3.
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