Novell

Novell, Inc.

Headquarters tower (Building H) in Provo, Utah in 2008
Company type	Private (until 1985) Public (until 2011) Division (until 2014)
Traded as	Nasdaq: NOVL
Industry	Computer software
Founded	August 1980; 43 years ago (1980-08) Orem, Utah, United States
Founder	George Canova Jack Davis
Defunct	November 2014 (2014-11)
Fate	Acquired by The Attachmate Group, then by Micro Focus International and OpenText
Headquarters	Provo, Utah Waltham, Massachusetts
Key people	Drew Major Ray Noorda Craig Burton Judith Clarke Kanwal Rekhi Robert Frankenberg Eric Schmidt Jack Messman Ronald Hovsepian
Products	Novell NetWare Novell GroupWise Novell Open Enterprise Server Novell Vibe Novell ZENworks
Revenue	$2.0 billion (peak, 1994 and 1995)
Number of employees	10,150 (peak, 1994)
Website	www.novell.com

Novell, Inc.^[1] (/noʊˈvɛl/) was an American software and services company headquartered in Provo, Utah, that existed from 1980 until 2014. Its most significant product was the multi-platform network operating system known as Novell NetWare.

Under the leadership of chief executive Ray Noorda, NetWare became the dominant form of personal computer networking during the second half of the 1980s and first half of the 1990s. At its high point, NetWare had a 63 percent share of the market for network operating systems and by the early 1990s there were over half a million NetWare-based networks installed worldwide encompassing more than 50 million users. Novell technology contributed to the emergence of local area networks, which displaced the dominant mainframe computing model and changed computing worldwide. Novell was the second-largest maker of software for personal computers, trailing only Microsoft Corporation, and became instrumental in making Utah Valley a focus for technology and software development.

During the early to mid-1990s, Noorda attempted to compete directly with Microsoft by acquiring Digital Research, Unix System Laboratories, WordPerfect, and the Quattro Pro division of Borland. These moves did not work out, due to new technologies not fitting well with Novell's existing user base or being too late to compete with equivalent Microsoft products.

NetWare began losing market share once Microsoft bundled network services with the Windows NT operating system and its successors. Despite new products such as Novell Directory Services and GroupWise, Novell entered a long period of decline. Eventually Novell acquired SUSE Linux and attempted to refocus its technology base. Despite building or acquiring several new kinds of products, Novell failed to find consistent success and never regained its past dominance.

The company was an independent corporate entity until it was acquired as a wholly owned subsidiary by The Attachmate Group in 2011. Attachmate was subsequently acquired in 2014 by Micro Focus International and then by OpenText in 2023. Novell products and technologies are now integrated within various OpenText divisions.