Health threat from cosmic rays

Health threats from cosmic rays are the dangers posed by cosmic rays to astronauts on interplanetary missions or any missions that venture through the Van-Allen Belts or outside the Earth's magnetosphere.^[1]^[2] They are one of the greatest barriers standing in the way of plans for interplanetary travel by crewed spacecraft,^[3]^[4]^[5] but space radiation health risks also occur for missions in low Earth orbit such as the International Space Station (ISS).^[6]

In October 2015, the NASA Office of Inspector General issued a health hazards report related to space exploration, including a human mission to Mars.^[7]^[8]

^ Schimmerling, Walter. "The Space Radiation Environment: An Introduction" (PDF). The Health Risks of Extraterrestrial Environments. Universities Space Research Association Division of Space Life Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
^ Chang, Kenneth (27 January 2014). "Beings Not Made for Space". New York Times. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
^ Fong, MD, Kevin (12 February 2014). "The Strange, Deadly Effects Mars Would Have on Your Body". Wired. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
^ "Can People go to Mars?". science.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 February 2004. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
^ Shiga, David (16 September 2009), "Too much radiation for astronauts to make it to Mars", New Scientist (2726)
^ Virts, Terry (2017). View From Above: An Astronaut Photographs The World. National Geographic. p. 101. ISBN 9781426218644. Whenever the ISS flew through the South Atlantic Anomaly, we were exposed to a much greater flux of [galactic cosmic radiation].
^ Dunn, Marcia (29 October 2015). "Report: NASA needs better handle on health hazards for Mars". AP News. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
^ Staff (29 October 2015). "NASA's Efforts to Manage Health and Human Performance Risks for Space Exploration (IG-16-003)" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 29 October 2015.

[THREE_-_Space_Radiation_Introduction-1] Schimmerling, Walter. "The Space Radiation Environment: An Introduction" (PDF). The Health Risks of Extraterrestrial Environments. Universities Space Research Association Division of Space Life Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2011.

[NYT-20140127-2] Chang, Kenneth (27 January 2014). "Beings Not Made for Space". New York Times. Retrieved 27 January 2014.

[WIRED-20140212-3] Fong, MD, Kevin (12 February 2014). "The Strange, Deadly Effects Mars Would Have on Your Body". Wired. Retrieved 12 February 2014.

[nasa-4] "Can People go to Mars?". science.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 February 2004. Retrieved 2 April 2017.

[5] Shiga, David (16 September 2009), "Too much radiation for astronauts to make it to Mars", New Scientist (2726)

[6] Virts, Terry (2017). View From Above: An Astronaut Photographs The World. National Geographic. p. 101. ISBN 9781426218644. Whenever the ISS flew through the South Atlantic Anomaly, we were exposed to a much greater flux of [galactic cosmic radiation].

[AP-20151029-7] Dunn, Marcia (29 October 2015). "Report: NASA needs better handle on health hazards for Mars". AP News. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

[NASA-20151029oig-8] Staff (29 October 2015). "NASA's Efforts to Manage Health and Human Performance Risks for Space Exploration (IG-16-003)" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 29 October 2015.

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