Crystal polymorphism

In crystallography, polymorphism describes the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure. The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today.^[1]^[2]^[3] Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.

It is also useful to note that materials with two polymorphic phases can be called dimorphic, those with three polymorphic phases, trimorphic, etc.^[4]

^ Bernstein, Joel (2002). Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–27. ISBN 0198506058.
^ Brog, Jean-Pierre; Chanez, Claire-Lise; Crochet, Aurelien; Fromm, Katharina M. (2013). "Polymorphism, what it is and how to identify it: a systematic review". RSC Advances. 3 (38): 16905–31. Bibcode:2013RSCAd...316905B. doi:10.1039/c3ra41559g.
^ Cruz-Cabeza, Aurora J.; Reutzel-Edens, Susan M.; Bernstein, Joel (2015). "Facts and fictions about polymorphism". Chemical Society Reviews. 44 (23): 8619–8635. doi:10.1039/c5cs00227c. PMID 26400501 – via MEDLINE.
^ "Definition of trimorphism - mindat.org glossary". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

[:6-1] Bernstein, Joel (2002). Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–27. ISBN 0198506058.

[:7-2] Brog, Jean-Pierre; Chanez, Claire-Lise; Crochet, Aurelien; Fromm, Katharina M. (2013). "Polymorphism, what it is and how to identify it: a systematic review". RSC Advances. 3 (38): 16905–31. Bibcode:2013RSCAd...316905B. doi:10.1039/c3ra41559g.

[3] Cruz-Cabeza, Aurora J.; Reutzel-Edens, Susan M.; Bernstein, Joel (2015). "Facts and fictions about polymorphism". Chemical Society Reviews. 44 (23): 8619–8635. doi:10.1039/c5cs00227c. PMID 26400501 – via MEDLINE.

[:5-4] "Definition of trimorphism - mindat.org glossary". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

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