ChatGPT

ChatGPT
Developer(s)OpenAI
Initial releaseNovember 30, 2022 (2022-11-30)[1]
Stable release
April 16, 2025 (2025-04-16)[2]
Engine
PlatformCloud computing platforms
Type
LicenseProprietary service
Websitechatgpt.com

ChatGPT is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI and released on November 30, 2022. It uses large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o along with other multimodal models to generate human-like responses in text, speech, and images.[3][4] It has access to features such as searching the web, using apps, and running programs.[5][6] It is credited with accelerating the AI boom, an ongoing period of rapid investment in and public attention to the field of artificial intelligence (AI).[7] Some observers have raised concern about the potential of ChatGPT and similar programs to displace human intelligence, enable plagiarism, or fuel misinformation.[8][9]

ChatGPT is built on OpenAI's proprietary series of generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) models and is fine-tuned for conversational applications using a combination of supervised learning and reinforcement learning from human feedback.[8] Successive user prompts and replies are considered as context at each stage of the conversation.[10] ChatGPT was released as a freely available research preview, but due to its popularity, OpenAI now operates the service on a freemium model. Users on its free tier can access GPT-4o but at a reduced limit. The ChatGPT subscriptions "Plus", "Pro", "Team", and "Enterprise" provide increased usage limits and access to additional features or models.[11] Users on the Pro plan have unlimited usage, except for abuse guardrails.

By January 2023, ChatGPT had become the fastest-growing consumer software application in history, gaining over 100 million users in two months.[12][13] ChatGPT's release spurred the release of competing products, including Gemini, Claude, Llama, Ernie, and Grok.[14] Microsoft launched Copilot, initially based on OpenAI's GPT-4. In May 2024, a partnership between Apple Inc. and OpenAI was announced, in which ChatGPT was integrated into the Apple Intelligence feature of Apple operating systems.[15] As of May 2025, ChatGPT's website is among the 5 most-visited websites globally.[16][17]

  1. ^ "ChatGPT – Introducing ChatGPT". Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  2. ^ "ChatGPT – Release Notes". Retrieved March 28, 2025.
  3. ^ Roumeliotis, Konstantinos I.; Tselikas, Nikolaos D. (2023). "ChatGPT and Open-AI Models: A Preliminary Review". Future Internet. 15 (6): 192. doi:10.3390/fi15060192.
  4. ^ "GPT-4o explained: Everything you need to know". WhatIs. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
  5. ^ Kao, Kimberley. "OpenAI Adds Search Engine to ChatGPT, Challenging Google". WSJ. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
  6. ^ Lin, Belle (January 23, 2025). "OpenAI's 'Operator' Agent Can Buy Groceries, File Expense Reports". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved June 5, 2025.
  7. ^ Weise, Karen; Metz, Cade; Grant, Nico; Isaac, Mike (December 5, 2023). "Inside the A.I. Arms Race That Changed Silicon Valley Forever". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference NYT-20230718 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ "What is ChatGPT and why does it matter? Here's what you need to know". ZDNET. May 30, 2023. Archived from the original on February 15, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference guardianpos was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Sharma, Shubham (May 14, 2024). "With OpenAI offering GPT-4o for free, who should be paying for ChatGPT Plus?". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
  12. ^ Milmo, Dan (December 2, 2023). "ChatGPT reaches 100 million users two months after launch". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on February 3, 2023. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  13. ^ "ChatGPT sets record for fastest-growing user base - analyst note". Reuters. Archived from the original on December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 14, 2024.
  14. ^ "What's the next word in large language models?". Nature Machine Intelligence. 5 (4): 331–332. April 2023. doi:10.1038/s42256-023-00655-z. ISSN 2522-5839. S2CID 258302563.
  15. ^ Davis, Wes (June 10, 2024). "Apple Intelligence: every new AI feature coming to the iPhone and Mac". The Verge. Archived from the original on June 11, 2024. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  16. ^ "Top Websites Ranking". Similarweb. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved July 18, 2024.
  17. ^ "Top websites". Semrush. Archived from the original on December 19, 2023. Retrieved July 18, 2024.

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