Calisthenics

Calisthenics (American English) or callisthenics (British English) (/ˌkælɪsˈθɛnɪks/) is a form of strength training that utilizes an individual's body weight as resistance to perform multi-joint, compound movements with little or no equipment.^[1]

Calisthenics solely rely on bodyweight for resistance, which naturally adapts to an individual's unique physical attributes like limb length and muscle-tendon insertion points.^[2] This allows calisthenic exercises to be more personalized and accessible for various body structures and age ranges.^[3] Calisthenics is distinct for its reliance on closed-chain movements. These exercises engage multiple joints simultaneously as the resistance moves relative to an anchored body part, promoting functional and efficient movement patterns. Calisthenics' exercises and movement patterns focuses on enhancing overall strength, stability, and coordination.^[4] The versatility that calisthenics introduces, minimizing equipment use, has made calisthenics a popular choice for encouraging fitness across a wide range of environments for strength training.^[5]