Ammonium perchlorate

Ammonium perchlorate
Names
	IUPAC name Ammonium perchlorate
	Other names AP
Identifiers
CAS Number	7790-98-9 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23041 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.305
EC Number	232-235-1;
PubChem CID	24639;
RTECS number	SC7520000;
UNII	Z3DQ8VD57X;
UN number	1442
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4024515 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClHO4.H3N/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);1H3 Key: HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/ClHO4.H3N/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);1H3 Key: HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYAD;
	SMILES [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[NH4+];
Properties
Chemical formula	NH4ClO4
Molar mass	117.49 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline
Density	1.95 g/cm3
Melting point	Exothermic decomposition before melting at >200 °C
Solubility in water	11.56 g/100 mL (0 °C) ; 20.85 g/100 mL (20 °C) ; 57.01 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	Soluble in methanol ; Partially soluble in acetone, ethanol ; Insoluble in diethyl ether
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic (<240 °C); Cubic (>240 °C)
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-295.77 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H201, H271, H319, H373
Precautionary statements	P210, P220, P221, P230, P240, P250, P260, P264, P280, P283, P305+P351+P338, P306+P360, P314, P337+P313, P370+P378, P370+P380, P371+P380+P375, P372, P373, P401, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 4 OX
Autoignition; temperature	240 °C (464 °F; 513 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions	Ammonium chlorate; Ammonium chloride
Other cations	Potassium perchlorate; Sodium perchlorate; Lithium perchlorate
Related compounds	Perchloric acid
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH₄ ClO₄. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. It is a powerful oxidizer. Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant called ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. Its instability has involved it in a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster.

^ MSDS. sigmaaldrich.com.
^ Liu, L.; Li, F.; Tan, L.; Ming, L.; Yi, Y. (2004), "Effects of Nanometer Ni, Cu, Al and NiCu Powders on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 29: 34–38, doi:10.1002/prep.200400026
^ John Rumble (18 June 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–41. ISBN 978-1138561632.
^ Chase, M. W. (11 February 1998). "NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition". pp. 1–1951.
^ Ammonium perchlorate MSDS. Sigma-Aldrich

[1] MSDS. sigmaaldrich.com.

[2] Liu, L.; Li, F.; Tan, L.; Ming, L.; Yi, Y. (2004), "Effects of Nanometer Ni, Cu, Al and NiCu Powders on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate", Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 29: 34–38, doi:10.1002/prep.200400026

[crc-3] John Rumble (18 June 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–41. ISBN 978-1138561632.

[4] Chase, M. W. (11 February 1998). "NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition". pp. 1–1951.

[5] Ammonium perchlorate MSDS. Sigma-Aldrich

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